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.A PC game, also known as a computer game or personal computer game, is a type of played on a rather than a. Its defining characteristics include: more diverse and user-determined gaming hardware and software; and generally greater capacity in input, processing, video and audio output. The uncoordinated nature of the PC game market, and now its lack of physical media, make precisely assessing its size difficult.games became popular following the, leading to the era of the 'bedroom coder'.
In the 1990s, PC games lost traction to, before enjoying a resurgence in the mid-2000s through.reports that the PC gaming sector is the third-largest category (and estimated in decline) across all platforms as of 2016, with the console sector second-largest, and mobile/ gaming sector biggest. 2.2 billion video gamers generate US$101.1 billion in revenue, excluding hardware costs. 'Digital game revenues will account for $94.4 billion or 87% of the global market. Is the most lucrative segment, with and gaming growing 19% year on year to $46.1 billion, claiming 42% of the market.
In 2020, mobile gaming will represent just more than half of the total games market. China expected to generate $27.5 billion, or one-quarter of all revenues in 2017.' PC gaming is considered synonymous (by Newzoo and others) with compatible systems; while mobile computers – smartphones and tablets, such as those running or – are also in the general sense. The region was estimated to generate $46.6 billion in 2016, or 47% of total global video game revenues (note, not only 'PC' games). China alone accounts for half of APAC's revenues (at $24.4 billion), cementing its place as the largest video game market in the world, ahead of the US's anticipated market size of $23.5 billion.
China is expected to have 53% of its video game revenues come from mobile gaming in 2017 (46% in 2016). Developed for the in 1961, is often credited as being the second ever computer game. The game consisted of two player-controlled spaceships maneuvering around a central star, each attempting to destroy the other.was one of the first game playing machines developed.
It was built in 1950. It measured more than four meters tall, and was displayed at the that year.Although personal computers only became popular with the development of the and, computer gaming on and had previously already existed., an adaptation of for the, debuted in 1952. Another pioneer computer game was developed in 1961, when students Martin Graetz and, with MIT student, developed on a used for.The first generation of computer games were often or, in which the player communicated with the computer by entering commands through a keyboard. An early text-adventure, was developed for the by Will Crowther in 1976, and expanded by Don Woods in 1977. By the 1980s, personal computers had become powerful enough to run games like Adventure, but by this time, graphics were beginning to become an important factor in games. Later games combined textual commands with basic graphics, as seen in the SSI games such as, or, for example.By the late 1970s to early 1980s, games were developed and distributed through groups and gaming magazines, such as and later.
These publications provided and played, encouraging readers to submit their own software to competitions. Players could modify the source code of even commercial games. Was one of the first games for microcomputers which was sold to the public. First sold in 1977, Microchess eventually sold over 50,000 copies on cassette tape.As with at the time, early home computer game companies capitalized on at the time with or of popular. By 1982, the for the were ports of and, while the top-selling game for the was the clone. That same year, was ported to the, while was licensed for the.
In late 1981, attempted to take legal action against unauthorized clones, particularly, despite some of these predating Atari's exclusive rights to the home versions of 's game. Industry crash and aftermath.
Main article:The openness of the PC platform allows players to edit or modify their games and distribute the results over the as 'mods'. A healthy mod community greatly increases a game's longevity and the most popular mods have driven purchases of their parent game to record heights. It is common for professional developers to release the tools they use to create their games (and sometimes even ) in order to encourage modding, but if a game is popular enough mods generally arise even without official support.Mods can compete with official however, or even outright redistribute it, and their ability to extend the lifespan of a game can work against its developers' plans for regular sequels. As game technology has become more complex, it has also become harder to distribute development tools to the public.Modding has a different connotation on consoles which are typically much more heavily. As publicly released development tools are rare, console mods usually refer to hardware alterations designed to remove restrictions. Dominant software Although the PC platform is almost completely decentralized at a hardware level, there are two dominant software forces: the operating system and the distribution service.Microsoft introduced an named Windows on November 20, 1985 as an add-on to DOS in response to the growing interest in (GUIs). Microsoft Windows came to the world's market with, overtaking, which had been introduced in 1984.Valve does not release any sales figures on its Steam service, instead it only provides the data to companies with games on Steam, which they cannot release without permission due to signing a with Valve.However, the previous owner of competing platform, estimated that, as of 2009, Steam had a 70% share of the digital distribution market for video games.
In early 2011, reported that Steam sales constituted 50–70% of the $4 billion market for downloaded PC games and that Steam offered game producers of 70% of purchase price, compared with 30% at retail. In 2011, Steam served over 780 of information, double what it had delivered in 2010. Digital distribution services. Main article:PC games are sold predominantly through the Internet, with buyers downloading their new purchase directly to their computer. This approach allows smaller independent developers to compete with large publisher-backed games and avoids the speed and capacity limits of the which most other gaming platforms rely on.released the platform for Windows computers in 2003 as a means to distribute Valve-developed video games such as Half-Life 2.
It would later see release on the operating system in 2010 and was released on Linux in 2012 as well. By 2011, it controlled 70% of the market for downloadable PC games, with a userbase of about 40 million accounts., a new version of the online store, was released in 2011 in order to compete with Steam and other digital distribution platforms on the PC. The period between 2004 and now saw the rise of many digital distribution services on PC, such as, and.Digital distribution also slashes the cost of circulation, eliminates stock shortages, allows games to be released worldwide at no additional cost, and allows niche audiences to be reached with ease. However, most digital distribution systems create ownership and customer rights issues by storing access rights on distributor-owned computers. Games confer with these computers over the Internet before launching. This raises the prospect of purchases being lost if the distributor goes out of business or chooses to lock the buyer's account, and prevents (the ethics of which ).PC gaming technology. See also: Hardware Modern computer games place great demand on the computer's hardware, often requiring a fast (CPU) to function properly.
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CPU manufacturers historically relied mainly on increasing to improve the performance of their processors, but had begun to move steadily towards CPUs. These processors allow the computer to simultaneously process multiple tasks, called, allowing the use of more complex graphics, artificial intelligence and in-game physics.Similarly, 3D games often rely on a powerful (GPU), which accelerates the process of drawing complex scenes in realtime. GPUs may be an integrated part of the computer's, the most common solution in laptops, or come packaged with a discrete graphics card with a supply of dedicated, connected to the motherboard through either an or port.
It is also possible to use multiple GPUs in a single computer, using technologies such as 's and 's.are also available to provide improved audio in computer games. These cards provide improved and provide audio enhancement that is generally not available with integrated alternatives, at the cost of marginally lower overall performance. The line was for many years the de facto standard for sound cards, although its popularity dwindled as PC audio became a commodity on modern motherboards.(PPUs), such as the (formerly PhysX) card, are also available to accelerate physics simulations in modern computer games. PPUs allow the computer to process more complex interactions among objects than is achievable using only the CPU, potentially allowing players a much greater degree of control over the world in games designed to use the card.Virtually all personal computers use a and for user input. Other common gaming peripherals are a headset for faster communication in online games, for, for driving games and for console-style games.Software Computer games also rely on software such as an, and more to run. Today, the vast majority of computer games are designed to run on the family of operating systems. Whereas earlier games written for DOS would include code to communicate directly with hardware, today provide an interface between the game and the OS, simplifying game design.
Microsoft's is an API that is widely used by today's computer games to communicate with sound and graphics hardware. Is a API for graphics rendering that is also used. The version of the graphics card's installed can often affect game performance.
In late 2013, announced, a low-level API for certain models of AMD graphics cards, allowing for greater performance compared to software-level APIs such as DirectX, as well as simplifying to and from the and consoles, which are both built upon AMD hardware. It is not unusual for a game company to use a third-party, or third-party libraries for a game's or.Multiplayer. See also:Multiplayer gaming was largely limited to (LANs) before cost-effective became available, due to their typically higher and lower than the dial-up services of the time. These advantages allowed more players to join any given computer game, but have persisted today because of the higher latency of most Internet connections and the costs associated with broadband Internet.LAN gaming typically requires two or more personal computers, a and sufficient networking cables to connect every computer on the network. Additionally, each computer must have its own copy (or ) of the game in order to play.
Optionally, any LAN may include an external connection to the Internet.Online games. Main article:Online multiplayer games have achieved popularity largely as a result of increasing adoption among consumers. Affordable high-bandwidth Internet connections allow large numbers of players to play together, and thus have found particular use in, and persistent online games such as.Although it is possible to participate in online computer games using dial-up, broadband Internet connections are generally considered necessary in order to reduce the latency or 'lag' between players.
Such connections require a broadband-compatible modem connected to the personal computer through a (generally integrated onto the computer's ), optionally separated by a. Online games require a virtual environment, generally called a 'game server'. These virtual servers inter-connect gamers, allowing real time, and often fast-paced action. To meet this subsequent need, have become increasingly more popular over the last half decade. While not required for all gamers, these servers provide a unique 'home', fully customizable, such as additional modifications, settings, etc., giving the end gamers the experience they desire. Today there are over 510,000 game servers hosted in North America alone.
Emulation. Main article:Emulation software, used to run software without the original hardware, are popular for their ability to play legacy video games without the for which they were designed.
The operating system emulators include, a DOS emulator which allows playing games developed originally for this operating system and thus not compatible with a modern-day OS. Console emulators such as and are relatively commonplace, although the complexity of modern consoles such as the or makes them far more difficult to emulate, even for the original manufacturers. The most technically advanced consoles that can currently be successfully emulated for commercial games on PC are the PlayStation 2 using, and the Nintendo Wii U using the emulator. A emulator named RPCS3 is in development, although it can currently only run small games and certain old arcade titles that were originally ported to the PS3 from older platforms.Most emulation software mimics a particular hardware architecture, often to an extremely high degree of accuracy. This is particularly the case with classic home computers such as the, whose software often depends on highly sophisticated low-level programming tricks invented by game programmers and the.Controversy. Main article:PC games have long been a source of controversy, largely due to the depictions of violence that has become commonly associated with video games in general. The debate surrounds the influence of objectionable content on the social development of, with organizations such as the concluding that video game violence increases children's aggression, a concern that prompted a further investigation by the in September 2006.
Industry groups have responded by noting the responsibility of parents in governing their children's activities, while attempts in the United States to control the sale of objectionable games have generally been found unconstitutional.is another cultural aspect of gaming to draw criticism as it can have a negative influence on health and on social relations. The problem of addiction and its health risks seems to have grown with the rise of. Alongside the social and health problems associated with computer game addiction have grown similar worries about the effect of computer games on education.
Computer games museums.
Popular files for Euro Truck Simulator 2NameTypeSizeDateTotal7 daysdemo3174.7 MB9/11/20193.25M7.2Kpatch3460.5 MB9/11/20193.43M5.5Kpatch710.7 MB5/25/201792.6K1.8Kpatch483.4 MB8/9/201879.8K1.5Kmod373.3 MB6/.2K1.1Kpatch1432.8 MB1/4/201863.6K668patch1729 MB34.7K616patch6.5 MB2/11/201399.4K552patch129 MB9/4/201746.1K486patch1940.6 MB9/11/20194.5K429patch34 MB58.3K401patch1801.4 MB3/20/201915.8K372patch230.7 MB5/8/201914.1K363patch240.7 MB143.2K361patch980.2 MB28.8K360patch45.9 MB2/2/201541.9K356.
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